
Written By: Jeffrey Atlas, PA-C, Health Content Writer
Medically Reviewed By: Dr. Gopal Grandhige, MD, FACS, Board-Certified Surgeon
Last Reviewed: May 16, 2026
Tesamorelin is a synthetic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog that signals the pituitary gland to produce its own growth hormone, and it is increasingly used in clinical settings to target visceral fat, the deep abdominal fat linked to inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risk. Originally FDA-approved for the reduction of excess abdominal fat in HIV-associated lipodystrophy, Tesamorelin is now prescribed off-label by licensed providers as part of structured anti-aging and metabolic health plans. It does not replace growth hormone directly but works through the body’s existing feedback systems to encourage a more balanced hormone pattern.
For adults dealing with a growing midsection despite steady diet and exercise habits, Tesamorelin addresses what the scale often misses: the shift in body composition where muscle mass declines and visceral fat increases with age. Clinical research supports its ability to reduce deep abdominal fat and improve markers like triglycerides and cholesterol, even when overall body weight changes only slightly. It is typically administered as a daily subcutaneous injection and monitored through follow-up lab work over several months.
At Formation, a regenerative medicine clinic in Tampa, tesamorelin is never prescribed in isolation. It is part of a clinician-guided strategy that includes lab evaluation, concierge dietician support, and ongoing monitoring to determine whether the therapy is working and worth continuing. Formation uses only human-grade medications from licensed compounding pharmacies and holds both SSRP and ISSCA certifications for peptide, exosome, and stem cell safety standards.
As the years pass, many people notice that weight begins to concentrate in the midsection. You might eat and move the same way you did in your 30s, yet your waistline tells a different story. That shift has a great deal to do with changes in hormones, sleep, stress, and insulin sensitivity.
Visceral fat sits inside the abdominal cavity, close to organs like the liver and intestines. It behaves differently than the fat just beneath your skin and can:
Over time, this leads to an unhealthy body composition shift. Muscle mass slowly decreases, while hidden belly fat grows. You might weigh roughly the same, yet feel heavier, sluggish, and less resilient. At Formation, this is a clear indicator that the focus should be on metabolic health and fat distribution, not only total weight. For patients who are also interested in addressing the visible effects of these changes, options like abdominal contouring may complement the metabolic approach.
Because tesamorelin closely resembles your own growth hormone-releasing hormone, it fits into the same receptors your body already uses. Many patients find this feels like a more natural approach than taking a high dose of an outside hormone.
At Formation, tesamorelin is prescribed as part of a structured plan. You learn how to inject it at home, how to rotate sites, and what to watch for. Some people notice improved sleep quality and morning energy as their growth hormone rhythm improves, even before they see a visible change at the waist.
Tesamorelin is a synthetic version of the natural hormone your brain uses to trigger the release of growth hormone. It is administered as a small injection under the skin, typically once a day. After it enters the bloodstream, it travels to the pituitary gland and encourages a gentle pulse of your own growth hormone.
Those pulses help your body:
Unlike taking growth hormone directly, tesamorelin works with your existing feedback systems. The objective is to guide your body toward a more youthful hormone pattern rather than overwhelm it.
Not all fat responds the same way to hormones. The fat just under the skin may change slowly, but visceral fat is more responsive to growth hormone signals. Clinical research has shown that tesamorelin can meaningfully reduce deep abdominal fat and improve key blood markers, even when total body weight changes only slightly.
For patients, this often looks like:
This represents a different kind of body composition shift. The goal is less fat packed around the organs and stronger metabolic health, not simply a lower number on the scale. Patients pursuing a more comprehensive physical transformation sometimes pair this metabolic work with targeted fat reduction procedures or high-definition sculpting to address stubborn subcutaneous fat that tesamorelin does not affect.
Social media has created a DIY approach to peptide use. Peptides are trending right now, but they are not just a passing moment. They are one tool in the clinical toolbox. The point is not to hop on a trend but to get results. That is why clinician-guided peptides matter.
People are looking for outcomes, and it is not wrong to be interested in peptides. The real issue is what happens when that interest gets met by hype instead of clinical guidance. We all want more energy, better recovery, improved body composition, and a better quality of life. Peptides are a tool that can help with those goals. But peptides are not inherently good or bad. What matters is whether they are being used intentionally, appropriately, and with a real care plan behind them. When they are not, they become unpredictable because they act throughout the body.
Peptide culture is increasingly shaped by influencer sales funnels, social media hype, gray-market sourcing, and self-experimentation. This is not a care model. This is a trend cycle. That does not make peptides themselves a trend. Peptides are simply being used as a trend to make quick money.
Always remember: insulin is a peptide. Insulin is not a trend. Insulin is a powerful molecule created by the body that can cause significant harm if used incorrectly but is also life-saving when used correctly.
A peptide is not a plan. A vial is not a strategy. Self-experimentation is not the same thing as clinician-guided care.
At Formation, we only use human-grade medications sourced from licensed compounding pharmacies. Many of the peptides people order online on their own are research-grade products labeled “not for human use,” and they are not regulated. There is no quality assurance, no dosing oversight, and no accountability when something goes wrong. If you are going to put something in your body, the standard of that product matters just as much as the substance itself.
Formation holds both SSRP certification and ISSCA certification, which are organizations that certify peptides, exosomes, and stem cells for clinical use. These certifications exist to ensure safety and quality, and they are a standard we take seriously.
At Formation, a regenerative medicine clinic in Tampa, tesamorelin peptides are part of a broader peptide therapy and medical weight loss strategy. We do not begin with a prescription. We begin by understanding your full picture.
A typical process includes:
If your results show excess visceral fat, early metabolic issues, and signs of age-related hormone decline, tesamorelin may be one option in your plan.
What we do differently: We answer these questions before anything is prescribed.
We build a strategy around the individual, the goal, the full clinical picture, and whether the therapy is effective. This is how clinician-guided care works.
Tesamorelin may be considered for adults who:
It is not right for everyone. People with certain cancers, active eye disease related to diabetes, or specific pituitary problems are usually not candidates. Pregnancy and breastfeeding are also situations where this peptide is avoided. Your provider at Formation will walk through your medical history and explain why tesamorelin is or is not a good fit for you.
Injections are performed by Jeff Atlas, PA-C, who brings extensive experience from his previous work in orthopaedics. His background in musculoskeletal care and patient-centered treatment translates directly into the precision and attentiveness he brings to every session at Formation. Some patients also explore injectable treatments for aesthetic concerns alongside their metabolic program.
Tesamorelin works gradually. Most patients who respond well notice early changes in how they feel, then slower changes in how they look. Over several months, you might see a small but steady drop in waist measurements, clothes that begin to fit more comfortably around the middle, and better stamina, sleep, or recovery after workouts.
From a medical standpoint, the most meaningful changes often show up in follow-up labs, where triglycerides and markers of inflammation may improve as visceral fat decreases. This type of body composition shift is less dramatic on the scale but very significant for long-term health. Patients who want to see how these results look in practice can browse our before-and-after gallery to understand the kind of progress Formation supports across treatment plans.
Tesamorelin is rarely used on its own at Formation. It is most effective when it is part of a complete anti-aging and metabolic plan that can include:
For patients whose goals go beyond metabolic improvement, Formation also offers a full range of men’s aesthetic surgery options. These may include non-invasive neck and jawline contouring, skin tightening procedures, or 360-degree body contouring for those looking at a more complete physical reset. Treatments like PDO thread lifts and wrinkle-relaxing injections can also complement the anti-aging benefits patients experience from improved metabolic function.
Your care team, led by Dr. Gopal Grandhige, a board-certified general surgeon through the American Board of Surgery who specializes in aesthetic surgery, follows your progress closely, adjusts dosing when needed, and makes sure that each part of the plan works together. The goal is not just to reduce one number on a lab report. It is to help you feel more like yourself again and stay that way.
Tesamorelin offers a clinician-guided path toward reducing visceral fat and improving body composition in adults dealing with age-related metabolic changes. It works with your body’s existing hormone signaling rather than overriding it, making it a practical option for those who have not seen results from diet and exercise alone. When paired with lab monitoring, nutrition support, and a structured care plan, tesamorelin can play a meaningful role in long-term metabolic health.
What separates a responsible peptide program from a risky one is not the peptide itself but how it is used. At Formation, every treatment begins with a full clinical evaluation, and nothing is prescribed until the team understands your goals, your health history, and whether the therapy is a genuine fit. Human-grade medications, certified sourcing, and ongoing monitoring are not optional steps. They are the foundation of safe, effective care.
If you are noticing changes in your midsection that do not respond to the things that used to work, it may be worth having a conversation about what is happening beneath the surface. To learn whether tesamorelin or another peptide therapy may be right for you, schedule a consultation at Formation in Tampa by calling (813) 922-2920.
No. Tesamorelin stimulates your pituitary gland to release its own growth hormone rather than introducing an external dose directly into your system. This allows your body's natural feedback mechanisms to stay intact.
Most patients begin noticing changes in energy and sleep quality within the first few weeks, while visible reductions in waist measurements typically develop over several months. Results vary depending on the individual and how closely they follow the full care plan.
Peptides sold online without a prescription are almost always research-grade products labeled "not for human use" and are not regulated for safety or purity. At Formation, we only use human-grade medications sourced from licensed compounding pharmacies.
Individuals with certain cancers, active diabetic eye disease, specific pituitary conditions, or those who are pregnant or breastfeeding are generally not candidates. Your provider at Formation will review your full medical history before determining whether tesamorelin is appropriate.
Tesamorelin targets visceral fat specifically, so the number on the scale may not change dramatically even as your waist measurements and lab markers improve. The goal is a healthier body composition shift, not simply a lower total weight.
The next step after losing 100 pounds.
After significant weight loss, the skin doesn’t always shrink back to match the body’s new shape. And no amount of exercise can remove that excess skin.
In this surgery, Dr. Gopal performs a 360° circumferential body lift to remove excess skin and reshape the patient’s waistline, abdomen, and lower back.
The approach involves lifting the skin on the back and pulling it downward on the front to create a smoother, flatter contour while positioning the incision low enough to be concealed by underwear.
This patient lost over 100 pounds. During surgery, Dr. Gopal explains how approximately 3 pounds of skin were removed from the back, with another 5 pounds planned for removal from the front.
It’s not just about removing skin. It’s about reshaping the body after a significant weight-loss journey.
📍 Dr. Gopal Grandhige | Formation, South Tampa
Interested in body contouring after major weight loss? Schedule a consultation to explore your options.
#BodyLift #CircumferentialBodyLift #ExcessSkinRemoval #WeightLoss #BodyContouring
The next step after losing 100 pounds.
After significant weight loss, the skin doesn’t always shrink back to match the body’s new shape. And no amount of exercise can remove that excess skin.
In this surgery, Dr. Gopal performs a 360° circumferential body lift to remove excess skin and reshape the patient’s waistline, abdomen, and lower back.
The approach involves lifting the skin on the back and pulling it downward on the front to create a smoother, flatter contour while positioning the incision low enough to be concealed by underwear.
This patient lost over 100 pounds. During surgery, Dr. Gopal explains how approximately 3 pounds of skin were removed from the back, with another 5 pounds planned for removal from the front.
It’s not just about removing skin. It’s about reshaping the body after a significant weight-loss journey.
📍 Dr. Gopal Grandhige | Formation, South Tampa
Interested in body contouring after major weight loss? Schedule a consultation to explore your options.
#BodyLift #CircumferentialBodyLift #ExcessSkinRemoval #WeightLoss #BodyContouring
There’s lean. Then there’s sculpted.
High-definition liposuction goes beyond traditional fat removal. It’s about strategically sculpting around the underlying muscles to create more visible definition in the chest, abdomen, and waist.
For this patient, the goal was a leaner, more defined, athletic appearance without an exaggerated look.
Dr. Gopal Grandhige specializes in male HD liposuction, customizing each procedure to the patient’s anatomy, muscle structure, and desired level of definition.
The result? A more sculpted physique that complements his natural build.
Interested in HD liposuction? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Gopal at Formation Tampa. Link in bio.
Actual patient photos. Individual results vary.
#HDLiposuction #MaleLiposuction #HighDefinitionLiposuction #BodySculpting #Tampa
There’s lean. Then there’s sculpted.
High-definition liposuction goes beyond traditional fat removal. It’s about strategically sculpting around the underlying muscles to create more visible definition in the chest, abdomen, and waist.
For this patient, the goal was a leaner, more defined, athletic appearance without an exaggerated look.
Dr. Gopal Grandhige specializes in male HD liposuction, customizing each procedure to the patient’s anatomy, muscle structure, and desired level of definition.
The result? A more sculpted physique that complements his natural build.
Interested in HD liposuction? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Gopal at Formation Tampa. Link in bio.
Actual patient photos. Individual results vary.
#HDLiposuction #MaleLiposuction #HighDefinitionLiposuction #BodySculpting #Tampa
“That responsibility means everything to me.”
When a patient chooses a plastic surgeon, they’re placing an extraordinary amount of trust in someone else’s hands.
And that responsibility goes far beyond what happens in the operating room.
For Dr. Gopal, it means taking the time to understand each patient’s goals, carefully planning their procedure, making thoughtful decisions throughout surgery, and being there for them during recovery.
Every detail matters because there’s a real person behind every procedure, with hopes, concerns, and expectations.
And that person deserves to feel cared for every step of the way.
#Tampa #CosmeticSurgery #PatientCare #bodycountouring #hdliposuction
“That responsibility means everything to me.”
When a patient chooses a plastic surgeon, they’re placing an extraordinary amount of trust in someone else’s hands.
And that responsibility goes far beyond what happens in the operating room.
For Dr. Gopal, it means taking the time to understand each patient’s goals, carefully planning their procedure, making thoughtful decisions throughout surgery, and being there for them during recovery.
Every detail matters because there’s a real person behind every procedure, with hopes, concerns, and expectations.
And that person deserves to feel cared for every step of the way.
#Tampa #CosmeticSurgery #PatientCare #bodycountouring #hdliposuction
Every body needs a different plan.
An HD liposuction consultation with Dr. Gopal is much more than discussing which areas to treat.
He takes the time to evaluate each patient’s anatomy, explain what he’s seeing, and walk through exactly how he would approach the procedure.
Where should fat be removed? Where should it be preserved? How can the waist be sculpted while maintaining natural curves? And when might additional skin tightening be needed?
These are just some of the decisions Dr. Gopal walks patients through, explaining not only what he recommends, but why.
This Reel is a small glimpse into a consultation that typically involves a much more detailed conversation, with time for patients to ask questions and understand their options.
📍 Formation | South Tampa
Considering high-definition liposuction? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Gopal to discuss your goals and explore what’s possible.
#HDLipo #HighDefinitionLiposuction #BodyContouring #Tampa
Every body needs a different plan.
An HD liposuction consultation with Dr. Gopal is much more than discussing which areas to treat.
He takes the time to evaluate each patient’s anatomy, explain what he’s seeing, and walk through exactly how he would approach the procedure.
Where should fat be removed? Where should it be preserved? How can the waist be sculpted while maintaining natural curves? And when might additional skin tightening be needed?
These are just some of the decisions Dr. Gopal walks patients through, explaining not only what he recommends, but why.
This Reel is a small glimpse into a consultation that typically involves a much more detailed conversation, with time for patients to ask questions and understand their options.
📍 Formation | South Tampa
Considering high-definition liposuction? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Gopal to discuss your goals and explore what’s possible.
#HDLipo #HighDefinitionLiposuction #BodyContouring #Tampa
There’s lean. Then there’s sculpted.
For some men, even years of consistent training and cutting cycles don’t produce the abdominal definition they’re working toward.
Here’s what one patient shared in his Google review of Formation:
⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
“Waited a few months to write this because I wanted to make sure the results held up.
The HD technique did what years of cutting cycles couldn’t. Abs actually show now, even relaxed, even in bad lighting. If you’ve chased a six pack for years you know what that means. Recovery was more involved than I expected and the bruising was wild for a bit. But the result looks like me, just leaner and more defined. Doesn’t look surgical, which was my biggest fear going in. Would recommend, but only if you’re already putting in the work.”
Dr. Gopal Grandhige specializes in male high-definition liposuction, an advanced body-contouring technique that goes beyond traditional fat removal.
By strategically removing fat around the underlying muscles, HD liposuction can enhance natural muscle definition and create a leaner, more sculpted, athletic appearance.
The goal isn’t to create artificial abs. It’s to reveal and enhance the muscle contours already there, with the level of definition customized to each patient’s anatomy and goals.
📍 Formation, South Tampa
Interested in male HD liposuction? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Gopal to explore your options.
Google patient review.
#HDLiposuction #MaleLiposuction #BodyContouring #Tampa
There’s lean. Then there’s sculpted.
For some men, even years of consistent training and cutting cycles don’t produce the abdominal definition they’re working toward.
Here’s what one patient shared in his Google review of Formation:
⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
“Waited a few months to write this because I wanted to make sure the results held up.
The HD technique did what years of cutting cycles couldn’t. Abs actually show now, even relaxed, even in bad lighting. If you’ve chased a six pack for years you know what that means. Recovery was more involved than I expected and the bruising was wild for a bit. But the result looks like me, just leaner and more defined. Doesn’t look surgical, which was my biggest fear going in. Would recommend, but only if you’re already putting in the work.”
Dr. Gopal Grandhige specializes in male high-definition liposuction, an advanced body-contouring technique that goes beyond traditional fat removal.
By strategically removing fat around the underlying muscles, HD liposuction can enhance natural muscle definition and create a leaner, more sculpted, athletic appearance.
The goal isn’t to create artificial abs. It’s to reveal and enhance the muscle contours already there, with the level of definition customized to each patient’s anatomy and goals.
📍 Formation, South Tampa
Interested in male HD liposuction? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Gopal to explore your options.
Google patient review.
#HDLiposuction #MaleLiposuction #BodyContouring #Tampa
Crunches can only do so much.
You can spend hours strengthening your abdominal muscles, but that doesn’t guarantee visible definition.
A layer of fat sits between the muscles and the skin, and crunches can’t specifically target that fat.
For many people, exercise and reducing overall body fat can help reveal their abs. But even people who are already lean and fit can have stubborn fat that hides their natural muscle definition.
That’s where high-definition liposuction may help.
Dr. Gopal uses HD lipo to selectively remove fat around the natural contours of the abdominal muscles, helping reveal the definition that’s already there.
📍 Formation | South Tampa
Interested in HD lipo? Schedule a consultation to learn more.
#HDLipo #HighDefinitionLiposuction #AbdominalSculpting #BodyContouring
Crunches can only do so much.
You can spend hours strengthening your abdominal muscles, but that doesn’t guarantee visible definition.
A layer of fat sits between the muscles and the skin, and crunches can’t specifically target that fat.
For many people, exercise and reducing overall body fat can help reveal their abs. But even people who are already lean and fit can have stubborn fat that hides their natural muscle definition.
That’s where high-definition liposuction may help.
Dr. Gopal uses HD lipo to selectively remove fat around the natural contours of the abdominal muscles, helping reveal the definition that’s already there.
📍 Formation | South Tampa
Interested in HD lipo? Schedule a consultation to learn more.
#HDLipo #HighDefinitionLiposuction #AbdominalSculpting #BodyContouring
Which one had surgery 1 or 2? 👀
High-definition liposuction goes beyond traditional fat removal. Instead of simply reducing fat evenly, the surgeon strategically removes fat around the underlying muscles to make their natural contours more visible.
But here’s what makes it interesting: HD lipo doesn’t create the same six-pack on everyone. Each person’s anatomy, muscle development, and desired level of definition influence the final result.
Now take another look at these two patients.
Which one do you think had HD liposuction, 1 or 2?
Drop your guess below, then check the pinned comment for the answer!
#HDLiposuction #MaleLiposuction #BodyContouring #Tampa
Which one had surgery 1 or 2? 👀
High-definition liposuction goes beyond traditional fat removal. Instead of simply reducing fat evenly, the surgeon strategically removes fat around the underlying muscles to make their natural contours more visible.
But here’s what makes it interesting: HD lipo doesn’t create the same six-pack on everyone. Each person’s anatomy, muscle development, and desired level of definition influence the final result.
Now take another look at these two patients.
Which one do you think had HD liposuction, 1 or 2?
Drop your guess below, then check the pinned comment for the answer!
#HDLiposuction #MaleLiposuction #BodyContouring #Tampa
There’s a story behind every decision.
Cosmetic surgery is a personal decision. Yet people who choose it often find themselves having to explain or defend that choice to others.
Some want to restore changes after pregnancy or weight loss. Others have worked hard to get in shape but still have areas they’d like to improve. And some simply want to feel more comfortable with their appearance.
The reasons are different for everyone. And they don’t have to make sense to anyone else.
At Formation, Dr. Gopal believes the decision to pursue cosmetic surgery should be guided by a patient’s personal goals, realistic expectations, and what’s medically appropriate for them.
Because ultimately, the person making that decision is the one who will live with it.
#Tampa #CosmeticSurgery #BodyContouring #Liposuction
There’s a story behind every decision.
Cosmetic surgery is a personal decision. Yet people who choose it often find themselves having to explain or defend that choice to others.
Some want to restore changes after pregnancy or weight loss. Others have worked hard to get in shape but still have areas they’d like to improve. And some simply want to feel more comfortable with their appearance.
The reasons are different for everyone. And they don’t have to make sense to anyone else.
At Formation, Dr. Gopal believes the decision to pursue cosmetic surgery should be guided by a patient’s personal goals, realistic expectations, and what’s medically appropriate for them.
Because ultimately, the person making that decision is the one who will live with it.
#Tampa #CosmeticSurgery #BodyContouring #Liposuction
Our first four-legged patient. 🐾
Dr. Gopal takes his liposuction and body contouring very seriously.
Even when his patients have four legs.
From loose skin and neck liposuction to a jawline that deserves its own before-and-after reveal, this might be his most dramatic transformation yet.
And yes, he even got the patient’s permission to share the results. 😂
A little Halloween fun from Dr. Gopal and his two very patient pups! 🎃🐶
No dogs underwent surgery. Just two willing participants and one very committed surgeon.
#SurgeonLife #tampa #necklipo
Our first four-legged patient. 🐾
Dr. Gopal takes his liposuction and body contouring very seriously.
Even when his patients have four legs.
From loose skin and neck liposuction to a jawline that deserves its own before-and-after reveal, this might be his most dramatic transformation yet.
And yes, he even got the patient’s permission to share the results. 😂
A little Halloween fun from Dr. Gopal and his two very patient pups! 🎃🐶
No dogs underwent surgery. Just two willing participants and one very committed surgeon.
#SurgeonLife #tampa #necklipo
What weight loss can’t fix.
After losing over 100 pounds, this patient had achieved significant weight loss, but was left with excess skin around his abdomen and back that weight loss alone couldn’t address.
During an 8-hour surgery, Dr. Gopal performed a circumferential body lift, a procedure that removes excess skin around the entire midsection to improve body contour.
In this video, Dr. Gopal walks through the procedure, explaining how he removed approximately 3 pounds of skin from the back and estimated another 4–5 pounds would be removed from the abdomen.
He’s also using a small amount of fat collected during the procedure to add volume to the upper chest, improving its contour without performing a separate chest lift.
For patients who have experienced major weight loss, body contouring can help address the excess skin that remains after the weight is gone.
Considering surgery after weight loss? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Gopal at Formation in Tampa to explore your options.
Actual patient footage. Individual results vary.
#BodyContouring #BodyLift #ExcessSkinRemoval
What weight loss can’t fix.
After losing over 100 pounds, this patient had achieved significant weight loss, but was left with excess skin around his abdomen and back that weight loss alone couldn’t address.
During an 8-hour surgery, Dr. Gopal performed a circumferential body lift, a procedure that removes excess skin around the entire midsection to improve body contour.
In this video, Dr. Gopal walks through the procedure, explaining how he removed approximately 3 pounds of skin from the back and estimated another 4–5 pounds would be removed from the abdomen.
He’s also using a small amount of fat collected during the procedure to add volume to the upper chest, improving its contour without performing a separate chest lift.
For patients who have experienced major weight loss, body contouring can help address the excess skin that remains after the weight is gone.
Considering surgery after weight loss? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Gopal at Formation in Tampa to explore your options.
Actual patient footage. Individual results vary.
#BodyContouring #BodyLift #ExcessSkinRemoval
References:
Falutz, J., Allas, S., Blot, K., Potvin, D., Kotler, D., Somero, M., Berger, D., Brown, S., Richmond, G., Fessel, J., Turner, R., & Grinspoon, S. (2007). Metabolic effects of a growth hormone-releasing factor in patients with HIV. New England Journal of Medicine, 357(23), 2359–2370. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa072375
Falutz, J., Mamputu, J. C., Potvin, D., Moyle, G., Soulban, G., Loughrey, H., Marsolais, C., Turner, R., & Grinspoon, S. (2010). Effects of tesamorelin (TH9507), a growth hormone-releasing factor analog, in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with excess abdominal fat: A pooled analysis of two multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled phase 3 trials with safety extension data. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 95(9), 4291–4304. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20554713/
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2018). Tesamorelin. In LiverTox: Clinical and research information on drug-induced liver injury. National Institutes of Health. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548730/
Russo, S. C., Ockene, M. W., Arpante, A. K., Johnson, J. E., Lee, H., Toribio, M., Stanley, T. L., Hadigan, C. M., Grinspoon, S. K., Erlandson, K. M., & Fourman, L. T. (2024). Efficacy and safety of tesamorelin in people with HIV on integrase inhibitors. AIDS, 38(12), 1758–1764. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38905488/
Stanley, T. L., Feldpausch, M. N., Oh, J., Branch, K. L., Lee, H., Torriani, M., & Grinspoon, S. K. (2014). Effect of tesamorelin on visceral fat and liver fat in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 312(4), 380–389. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25038357/
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